A variety of sand separation and cleaning technologies have been utilized to separate and clean sand previously used for freestall bedding. These techniques rely on gravity, centrifugal forces, or potentially a combination of the two to differentiate sand from water and other particles in the manure. It’s fairly common that a properly designed sand separation system can recover up to 90% or more of the bedding sand from the manure. This recovered bedding sand contains varying amounts of moisture and is usually stacked and allowed to dewater for weeks or months before it’s reintroduced into the stalls. During this time, money remains tied up in sand inventory.